Bibliographies
Australian materials are indexed in the Australian Family and Society Abstracts Database and are available for loan from the ACSSA collection at the Australian Institute of Family Studies library. Online publications in PDF format require Adobe Acrobat Reader.
Young Offenders
Australian publications
A prospective longitudinal study of sexual
recidivism among adolescent sex offenders.
Nisbet,
Ian A; Wilson, Peter H; Smallbone, Stephen W.
Sexual
Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment v.16
no.3 Jun 2004: 223-234, tables
This
study examined relative rates of sexual and nonsexual
recidivism among 303 adolescent male sex offenders
in New South Wales. It investigated whether sexual
recidivism in this group was predicted by variables
related to sexual deviance. It confirmed that most
juvenile sex offenders present a low risk for sexual
recidivism and a high risk for nonsexual recidivism
as adults.
Adolescents who sexually abuse
their siblings: an overview of the literature
and issues for research attention.
Hatch, J; Hayman-White, K.
In: One child's reality, everyone's responsibility:
proceedings, 8th Australasian Conference on Child
Abuse and Neglect. Melbourne, Vic: Department
of Human Services, 2001, CD-ROM, 11p, tables
This paper synthesises the research on sibling
sexual abuse historically, conceptually and
empirically. It reviews and discusses some
of the key important facts and issues that
have been highlighted for future research attention.
It is hoped that this paper will facilitate
an in depth understanding of some of the key
issues relating to sibling sexual abuse for
both research and clinical attention. (Author
abstract, edited)
Attachment insecurity as a predisposing
and precipitating factor for sexually abusive behaviour
by young people.
Smallbone, Stephen W.
In: Calder, M. C. ed. Children and young people
who sexually abuse: new theory, research and practice
developments. Lyme Regis, Dorset, England: Russell
House Publishing, 2005, p6-18
A new attachment theoretical model for understanding
why adolescents commit sexual offences is described
in particular: the theoretical associations between
the attachment, care giving and sexual behavioural
systems. The chapter explains the development of the
attachment behavioural system; the attachment, care
giving and sexual behavioural systems; attachment insecurity
and attachment instability as predisposing factors
for sexual offending behaviour; and looks at evidence
for the role of attachment insecurity in sexual offending.
Children and young people engaging in sexually
abusive behaviours: understanding the issues.
Broughton, F.
In: One child's reality, everyone's
responsibility: proceedings, 8th Australasian
Conference on Child Abuse and Neglect. Melbourne,
Vic: Department of Human Services, 2001, CD-ROM,
12p, appendix
Research shows that children and young people perpetrate
up to one third of all sexual abuse against children.
The Victorian Community Council Against Violence (VCCAV)
is running an 18 month project that aims to develop
recommendations toward a whole of system response to
these young offenders. The author provides an overview
of the main issues raised in guided consultations with
therapeutic and legal service providers including police,
magistrates, psychologists, child protection workers
and lawyers, as well as with parents of children and
young people who engage in sexually abusive behaviours.
She also discusses the structure of the consultations
and some of the issues that need to be considered when
undertaking this kind of research.
Chill Choose Change: promoting respectful
relationships and non-violent problem solving.
White,
Tamara; Hoskin, Stephen.
DVIRC
Quarterly no.2 Winter 2006: 19-22
Chill
Choose Change is a group program to assist young
people to move away from using violence. This article
describes the principles and strategies used in the
behaviour change groups and discusses some challenges
involved in working with young people who use violence.
It includes a case study. (Journal abstract, edited)
Country
Response Project: Coordinated responses to recent
rape and sexual assault in rural South Australia.
Part A: Project Report. Part B: Regional plans.
Sloan, Jodie.
North Adelaide, SA: Yarrow Place Rape
and Sexual Assault Service, 2000, 2v., (Part
A: 66p, Part B: various pagination)
Seven regional plans are developed in this report
to co-ordinate service provision to people subjected
to recent sexual assault in country areas of South
Australia for people aged 16 years and over. Recommendations
are made to the SA Department of Human Services and
implementation processes outlined.
Developing ethical sexual lives: young
people, sex and sexual assault prevention.
Carmody, Moira; Willis,
Karen.
Drummoyne, NSW: NSW Rape Crisis Centre,
2006, 88p, figures
A three year joint project by the
University of Western Sydney and NSW Rape Crisis Centre, from July 2005
to June 2008, focuses on promoting ethical non violent relationships
between young women and men. This report on Stage 1 of the project
contains the literature review, describes the research methodology, and
presents and discusses the quantitative and qualitative findings of
interviews with a sample of young women and men from three metropolitan
areas and three regional towns in New South Wales. The interviews
focused on how young people negotiate sexual intimacy and how they make
decisions about having sex or not, with whom, and what influences their
decision making.
Evaluation of the Sexual Offences Awareness Program
(SOAP). (PDF 1.03M)
Fletcher, Bevan; Bruce, Fiona; O'Brien, Bev.
Adelaide, SA: Office of Crime Statistics and Research, 2006, 17p,
tables, (Evaluation report), Online (PDF 1.03MB)
The
Sexual Offences Awareness Program (SOAP) was a school-based pilot
initiative, developed between police, community services and local
schools. It involved two lesson plans that could be presented by police
with teacher support within secondary schools. It aimed to raise young
people's awareness of sexual assault and dangerous situations, promote
behaviours which would reduce their exposure to potential assaults, and
advise them of the rights of and support services for victims of sexual
assault. The evaluation was based primarily on pre and post surveys
administered to students which measured changes in knowledge, attitudes
and behaviours, particularly in relation to parties and events involving
alcohol and drug use.
From stigma and isolation to strength
and solidarity: parents talking about their experiences
of caring for children whose behaviour has been
sexually concerning or harmful.
Milner,
Judith.
International Journal
of Narrative Therapy and Community Work no.2 2006:
53-60
This article
is the story of how a group of parents who were caring
for children, whose behaviour had been sexually concerning
or harmful, transformed their lives. From being individual
service users, they became researchers, trainers and
consultants to an organisation called the Junction,
in the UK, which provides a number of services for
boys and girls aged six to seventeen. In the process
by which these parents transformed their lives, they
also influenced the work of the organisation which
supported them.
Impacts
of programs for adolescents who sexually offend:
literature review. (PDF 411K)
Nisbet, Ian; Rombouts, Sacha;
Smallbone, Stephen.
Ashfield, NSW: Department of
Community Services, 2005, 40p, tables, Online
Many programs for adolescent sex offenders rely on assumptions about the
nature of the work or model their programs on treatment of adult sex
offenders. This literature review examines current research evidence,
published since 1990, of models of service provision to young sex
offenders, their families and other relevant parties. The review focuses
on the following issues; program descriptions; previous reviews of the
adolescent sex offender literature; treatment outcome studies; the
emergence of offence specific programs for adolescents; child sexual
abuse; adolescents as perpetrators of child sexual assault; research on
adolescent sexual offending; sexual and social deviance; treatment as sex
offenders or adolescent offenders; and current approaches to treating
adolescents who have sexually offended.
Intervention with sexually abusive young
people in Australia and New Zealand.
Flanagan, Karen.
Journal of Sexual Aggression v.9 no.2 Nov
2003: 135-149
This article presents the results of an audit across
Australia and New Zealand on services providing therapeutic
The author presents an overview of programs running
in each state and territory, and New Zealand, including
the types of clients accepted and the therapeutic models
used. Issues and recommendations based on the review
of services are discussed, including the identification
of specific gaps in service delivery and the need for
timely access to programs.
Intimate partner abuse among Australian students: prevalence
and attitudes.
Grant, Celeste; Xenos, Sophia;
Smith, David; Reece, John.
In: Moore, K. ed.
Psychology making an impact: proceedings of the Australian Psychological
Society 42nd Annual Conference, 25-29 September 2007, Brisbane, Qld.
Melbourne, Vic: Australian Psychological Society, 2007, p169-174 (PDF on
CD-ROM, whole volume 4.4MB)
Intimate Partner Abuse (IPA)
may be defined as a pattern of deliberate physical, sexual or
psychological abuse within a married, defacto, dating or courting
relationship. Previous research demonstrates that such abuse is a
significant problem in dating relationships among young people. The aim
of this paper was to investigate IPA attitudes and behaviours in an
Australian university and TAFE student sample. Findings about the
prevalence of IPA and levels of victim blaming attitudes among Australian
students are presented. The importance of attitudes towards women for
understanding IPA attitudes was demonstrated. There were no significant
relationships found between attitudinal variables and behavioural
variables. The implications of these findings for the development of IPA
prevention programs are discussed.
Juvenile sex offenders.
Oates,
Kim.
Child Abuse & Neglect v.31 no.7 Jul 2007:
681-682
The reasons for inclusion of a paper by a former
sex offender, Brian Oliver, in the same issue of the journal are
explained in this article. The article sets out the three steps
recommended in Oliver's paper for reducing juvenile sex offences: telling
young people about to enter puberty that sexual relations with a young
child is a crime and young children can never consent to sexual
relations; telling young people about to enter puberty that they should
seek help if they have recurring sexual thoughts about young children;
and, that adults should be better educated about the warning signs that
may be exhibited by adolescents at risk of sexual offending. The article
highlights and discusses an important point in Oliver's paper: that a
high percentage of sex offences against children are committed by young
people under the age of 21. The article argues that since it is known
that many adult sex offenders commence this behaviour when they are
juveniles, there needs to be a greater research focus on the role of
juveniles as child sex offenders, and on early detection and prevention
in this population.
Managing sex offender risk.
Kemshall, Hazel, ed.; McIvor, Gill, ed..
London, England: Jessica Kingsley, 2004, 256p (Research
highlights in social work no.46)
This book aims to present relevant research for the
effective management of sex offenders. With a predominantly
UK focus and not solely restricted to intervention
strategies and programs it provides a broad overview
of the typologies and characteristics of offenders
as well as strategies for managing different kinds
of offender including children and young people who
are sexually aggressive. Included in the section on
'Assessment and Effective Interventions' is a chapter
by Australians Tony Ward, Mayumi Purvis and Grant Devilly
on 'Relapse prevention: theory and practice'.
One size does not fit all: future directions
for the treatment of sexually abusive youth in
New Zealand.
Lambie, Ian; Seymour, Fred.
Journal
of Sexual Aggression v.12 no.2 Jul 2006: 175-187
The
literature shows that sexually abusive youth are a
heterogeneous population. This article looks at characteristics
of sexually abusive youth and calls for the development
of typologies of adolescent sexual offenders, which
can be used to guide individualised treatment plans.
It describes how treatment issues are currently being
addressed in New Zealand.
Playing by the
rules - off the field.
Lumby, Catharine.
University of New South Wales Law Journal
Forum v.11 no.1 Aug 2005: 41-42
The National Rugby League commissioned research
on player attitudes and behaviours to women and
the role and status of women across the game which
the author coordinated. The research project brought
together a multidisciplinary team who combined
practical experience in sexual assault, sex discrimination
and harassment, as well as a theoretical knowledge
of the fields. Among the research findings were:
many of the player attitudes and behaviours towards
women are not markedly different from those of
other young men; players were unanimous in denouncing
sexual assault; and, many were asking for more
support in managing social and sexual encounters
with women. However, a key issue identified in the
research is the ongoing double standard according
to which women are regarded as 'sluts' if they
are sexually active and assertive - an attitude
which not only leads to women being 'punished'
for having sex and treated with contempt but one
which can lead women to rely on non verbal cues
instead of clearly communicating their wishes.
Masculine cultural beliefs about the the inevitability
of some men offending are discussed, along side
a refusal by some sectors in the sport to have
faith in education and mentoring as a preventative
measure.
Predictors of recidivism in Australian juvenile
sex offenders: implications for treatment.
Kenny, D.T.; Keogh, T.; Seidler, K.
Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research
and Treatment v.13 no.2 2001: 131-148, tables,
figures
Juvenile sex offenders charged with their first sexual
offence were compared with recidivist sex offenders.
The subjects of the study were 70 juvenile sex offenders
aged 13-21 years. Negative family history and characteristics,
school and learning problems, social skill deficits,
deviant sexual experiences and fantasies, and cognitive
distortions were assessed for their direct and mediating
roles in recidivism. Results indicated that poor social
skills, learning problems and deviant sexual experiences
were causally related to recidivism of sexual offending.
Implications for treatment are briefly discussed.
Prevention
of sexual assault: working with adolescents
within the education system.
Aware: Australian Centre for the Study
of Sexual Assault Newsletter no.8 Jun 2005: 16-25,
and Online
Australia's high rates of sexual assault suggest there
is a need for the development of prevention initiatives
targeted at adolescents. This article reviews past
sexual assault prevention initiatives with young people
and considers what changes might be made to prevention
initiatives given the changes to sexual behaviour among
adolescents. The article describes a program currently
run by the Centre Against Sexual Assault in Melbourne
and the SHARE (sexual health and relationships education)
program currently run by SHine SA. These programs contain
a number of features that serve as examples of best
practice prevention within schools.
Research
Project: ARC Linkage 2005-2008: Promoting ethical
non-violent relationships of young women and
men.
Carmody , Moira.
Aware: Australian Centre for the Study of Sexual
Assault Newsletter no.9 Nov 2005: 20, and Online
This article describes the research project: ARC
Linkage 2005-2008, Promoting ethical non-violent
relationships of young women and men. The origin
of this research is based on five years of researching
and critiquing anti-violence education and social
policy to prevent sexual violence within relationships.
The author discovered a number of important implications
of the way anti-rape education is currently being
conceptualised and developed. The outcomes of the
research together with existing published research
and practice experience will be used to develop a
training package to be delivered by educators who
will be trained and supported by the project to run
the program with young people. A key feature of the
project is the capacity building of youth educators
to deliver education based on increasing the skills
of young people to negotiate sexual intimacy within
a framework of sexual ethics and non-violence.
Residential
placement of intra-familial adolescent sex offenders.
Grant, Jan; Thornton, Jenny;
Chamarette, Christabel.
Canberra, ACT: Australian Institute of Criminology,
2006, 6p (Trends and issues in crime and criminal
justice no.315), and Online
Research suggests that some interventions with young
intra familial sex offenders, such as removing the
offender from the family home, may make matters worse
for families. What is the best place for young offenders
to live while undergoing treatment? This paper discusses
risk assessment in adolescent sexual offending, advantages
and disadvantages of residential relocation, and implications
for treatment. It presents an alternative model to
relocation, which was developed in Western Australia.
Responding
to sexual violence: responding to sexual assault and
abuse.
Sexual Assault Resource Centre (Perth,
WA).
Perth, WA: Sexual Assault Resource Centre,
2005, 37 minute DVD, 4p training notes
This DVD depicts
three counselling sessions, which involve an adolescent
girl who has been sexually assaulted, a woman who
was sexually abused as a child, and a women who has
been sexually assaulted and is preparing for a medical
and
forensic examination. The video demonstrates general
counselling skills, raising and assessing links between
sexual abuse, assault, mental health and alcohol
and drug problems, and strategies to manage dissociation
and self harming behaviour. Training notes with key
questions and issues for discussion accompany the
video.
Responding to sexual violence: working
with Aboriginal adolescents and adults.
Sexual
Assault Resource Centre (Perth, WA).
Perth,
WA: Sexual Assault Resource Centre, 2005, 25
minute DVD and 4p training notes
This DVD depicts two counselling sessions, one with
an adolescent Aboriginal girl who has experienced sexual
abuse; the second with an Aboriginal woman who experienced
sexual abuse as a child. The video demonstrates general
counselling skills, working within a cultural context,
and responding to disclosures of sexual assault and
child sexual abuse. Training notes with key questions
and issues for discussion accompany the video.
Sexual offending
adolescents: a challenge for out-of-home services.
March, Liz.
Children Australia v.29 no.3 2004: 30-34
A issue of some concern that has emerged in the field
of youth welfare in recent years is that of treatment
services for young people who are sexually abusive
and unable to reside with their families, or other
family settings. This issue has been of such concern
to staff at St Luke's Anglicare in Central Victoria
that a project of review, both of the need for therapeutic
intervention and of contemporary practices, was undertaken
in the last twelve months. This short paper summarises
the specific findings
of staff who worked on this practice oriented project
(Journal abstract).
Sibling
incest offenders as a subset of adolescent
sexual offenders. (PDF 46K)
Rayment-McHugh, S; Nisbet, I.
In: Conference papers: Child Sexual Abuse:
Justice Response or Alternative Resolution Conference,
Adelaide, May 2003. Canberra: Australian Institute
of Criminology, 2003, 9p. Online only
A growing body of literature on sibling incest offenders
shows that harm caused by sibling sexual abuse parallels
that inflicted by fathers and stepfathers and that
sibling incest offenders typically perpetrate greater
numbers of offence incidents, over a longer assault
by siblings is often viewed as somehow less serious
than other forms of child sexual abuse. The authors
compare a sample of sibling incest offenders with other
adolescent sexual offenders referred to the Griffith
Adolescent Forensic Assessment and Treatment Centre,
Queensland. The comparison dimensions include demographic
variables, offence dynamics, family and parenting environment,
and psychological profile. Some significant differences
between adolescent sibling incest offenders and non
sibling offenders against children are revealed, with
sibling incest offenders being assessed as having more
risk factors for sexual offence recidivism.
Sibling sexual abuse prevention project:
a research project on the nature and characteristics
of sibling sexual abuse.
Children's Protection Society (Melbourne, Vic).
Heidelberg West, Vic: Children's Protection
Society, 2003, 34p plus appendices, tables
This
study compares a group of young people who had abused
their siblings with a group who had abused non related
children. It explores the abusive behaviours, backgrounds
and experiences of young people who sexually abuse
their siblings. The report describes the Children's
Protection Society's sexual abuse counselling and prevention
program and then covers the project methodology and
background. It discusses the findings, including: abuser
and victim information; abuse related information;
access and opportunity; legal outcome; familial characteristics
and continuity of care; nature and quality of familial
relationships; reports of abuse or harm by parents;
documented problem behaviours; and documented peer
relationship difficulties.
Stop it ... before
it starts! A program for adolescents: building
positive relationships and avoiding violent ones.
Jacobs, Tanya; McGrath, Mina.
Darwin, NT: Office of Women's Policy, Northern
Territory Government, 2004, 130p, illus.
Designed for delivery by organisations as diverse
as schools, Indigenous communities, non-government
organisations, and community-based organisations,
this training package provides a series of modules
which target general groups, and Indigenous groups
(comprising Indigenous participants only). The
modules cover information about violent relationships;
learning about healthy relationships; and applying
the information and learning to a real life scenario.
The Good Way model: a strengths-based
approach for working with young people, especially
those with intellectual difficulties, who have
sexually abusive behaviour.
Ayland,
Lesley; West, Bill.
Journal
of Sexual Aggression v.12 no.2 Jul 2006: 189-201,
figures
The Good Way model is
used with young people and adults with intellectual
difficulties who have sexually abused, and with
non disabled adolescents who have sexually abused.
The two streams of the model are: the Good Way
/ Bad Way, which helps participants to identify
their strengths and understand their abusive
behaviour; and Good House / Bad House, which
helps participants to understand the impact on
others of their abusive behaviour and to take
steps to repair relationships. This article describes
the development of the model, its methodology
and outcomes so far with
young children using a holistic approach.
The
historical development of treatment for adolescent
sex offenders. (PDF 61K)
Grant, A.
Canberra, ACT: Australian Institute of
Criminology, 2000, 6p, figures (Trends and issues
in crime and criminal justice no.145), and Online
Adolescents who commit sex offences are not always
prosecuted nor treated. Research has demonstrated
that sexual offending often begins in adolescence
and can progress to more serious sexual assault.
A common reaction to sex offenders is to seek punishment
because the pain and trauma for victims is so severe.
However, early intervention yields greater results.
This paper examines approaches to treatment and shows
how different approaches can prevent further offending
by identified offenders. The author provides an overview
of a perpetrator profile and discusses the importance
of treatment and different theories of treatment.
The
provision of specialist services for adolescents
with sexual behaviours - a rural context: what
has worked? (PDF 214K)
Makepeace, H; Tidmarsh, P; Lancefield, K.
Canberra, ACT: Australian Institute of Criminology,
Previous Conferences - Paper presented at the conference
The Character, Impact and Prevention of Crime in Regional
Australia, Townsville, August 2001, 7p, Online only
The Male Adolescent Program for Positive Sexuality
(MAPPS) is an intensive group treatment program, based
in Melbourne, for males 10 21 who have been found guilty
of a sexual offence and placed on community based orders
or custodial sentences for responsibility for their
offending behaviour and for making the necessary changes
so that they can lead lives that do not include offending.
It is based on a model of group work supported by individual
counselling sessions. This paper provides information
about the MAPPS Program, focusing on the development
of regional services. It describes the client numbers
and treatment needs in Victoria's most remote region
(Loddon-Mallee) and Victoria's largest regional area
(Gippsland) and the provision of therapeutic intervention
in those areas.
Torn between two models: therapy vs.
criminal justice.
McGregor,
A; McIntyre, J.
In: One child's reality, everyone's responsibility:
proceedings, 8th Australasian Conference on Child Abuse
and Neglect. Melbourne, Vic: Department of Human Services,
2001, CD-ROM, 5p
The
criminal justice system seeks to afford children and
young people all the rights and safeguards that apply
to adults; for example, protection from self incrimination,
and legal professional privilege of communication.
The Children's Protection Society established the Sex
Offender Treatment program (or Sexual Abuse Counselling
and Prevention program) in December 1994. This program
provides assessment and counselling services to young
people aged between 10 and 17 years who have perpetrated
sexually abusive behaviours. The program offers only
limited confidentiality, and the authors discuss the
conflict that arises when what is in a client's best
interest is not in their legal best interest. They
include case studies.
Treatment of young men who sexually
abuse: the involvement of family.
Boyd, Cameron.
Family
Relationships Quarterly no.2 2006: 6-8, Online
only
Should
families be involved in the therapeutic treatment
of young people with sexually abusive behaviour?
This article considers whether family background
contributes to sexually abusive behaviour, given
that young men engage in sexually abusive behaviour
in a gendered social and cultural context. The
article outlines the appropriate level of involvement
for family members in the assessment, supervision
and treatment of young offenders.
We want
to be aware: reflections on violence prevention
with young people.
Imbesi,
Renee.
DVIRC Quarterly (Domestic Violence and
Incest Resource Centre) no.4 Summer 2005 - 2006:
6-11
CASA
(Centre Against Sexual Assault) House Schools Program
aims to prevent sexual assault and increase reporting.
It involves a five week program with secondary
school students to raise awareness, and a professional
development session with school staff to improve
the school's capacity to respond to sexual assault.
The program is facilitated by CASA staff and involves
police and senior Australian Football League players
in the sessions. In this article, one of the facilitators
reflects on what she learned about effective ways
to deliver programs in schools. (Journal abstract,
edited)
Where 'angels'
and 'wusses' fear to tread: sexual coercion in adolescent
dating relationships.
Hird, M Y; Jackson, S.
Journal of Sociology v.37 no.1 May 2001:
27-43
Sexual coercion of female adolescents is a major
ongoing concern of feminists. This article provides
a comparative analysis of a sample of New Zealand
and British adolescents' narratives concerning
sexuality, sexual practices and coercion within
heterosexual dating relationships. The narratives
suggest that sexual coercion operates through
'normal' heterosexuality which employs discursive
dichotomies of femininity and masculinity. 'Slut/'angel'
and 'wuss'/'stud' dichotomies provide an oversimplified
grid from which adolescents are required to negotiate
complex feelings towards their own sexuality and
the expectation to engage in various degrees
of as different for females and males, and that
these supposed differences are 'natural', immutable
and based on biology. (Journal abstract)
Whose job is poverty? The problems of
therapeutic intervention with children who are
sexually violent.
Allan, Julaine.
Child Abuse Review v.15 no.1 January/February
2006: 55-70
Children who commit sexually violent acts have
been identified in increasing numbers since the
1980s. Professionals who practise therapeutic intervention
with this group have struggled to find explanations
for their client's deviant behaviour. Current explanations
for, and discourses on, the occurrence of sexual
violence minimize the effect of poverty in the
therapeutic arena. The most difficult and worrisome
child clients for participants of this research
are the poor ones, yet the practice of counselling
is unable to address structural disadvantage. This
leads to a poverty culture explanation for sexual
violence and child abuse which recognizes poverty
yet pathologizes the individual. The identification
of a new problem - children's sexual violence -
the individualized case-based approach to intervention
and current social policy minimize the continuing
and persistent problem of poverty.
Who's the Boss: an eight week group work
program for parents and carers whose adolescents
are violent and abusive.
Howard, Jo; Weir, Shane.
In: Home Truths: Stop Sexual
Assault and Domestic Violence, a National
Challenge Conference, Melbourne, September
2004: presentations. Melbourne, Vic:
CASA Forum, 2004, 22p, Online only
A group work program for parents and carers whose adolescents
are violent and abusive is described. This presentation
covers: participants; group aims; evaluation; theoretical
approach; strategies to assist parents; the effect
on facilitators; and outcomes.
Whose job is poverty? the problems of therapeutic
intervention with children who are sexually violent
Allan, Julaine.
Child Abuse Review v.15 no.1 January/February
2006: 55-70.
Children who commit sexually violent acts have
been identified in increasing numbers since the
1980s. Professionals who practise therapeutic intervention
with this group have struggled to find explanations
for their client's deviant behaviour. Current explanations
for, and discourses on, the occurrence of sexual
violence minimize the effect of poverty in the
therapeutic arena. The most difficult and worrisome
child clients for participants of this research
are the poor ones, yet the practice of counselling
is unable to address structural disadvantage. This
leads to a poverty culture explanation for sexual
violence and child abuse which recognizes poverty
yet pathologizes the individual. The identification
of a new problem - children's sexual violence -
the individualized case-based approach to intervention
and current social policy minimize the continuing
and persistent problem of poverty.
Working with adolescents in the education
system to prevent sexual assault.
Keel, Monique.
Family Matters no.71 Winter 2005: 36-39
The high rates of sexual assault experienced by young
people suggest a need for prevention initiatives to
be developed and focused on adolescents. This paper
discusses current best practice approaches to prevention
with a focus on schools based programs. The author
reflects on past sexual assault prevention initiatives
with young women and men, and considers what direction
future initiatives might take, including proposed policy
changes. As well as a review of what is considered
best practice sexual assault prevention in schools,
an outline of two programs is provided: one run by
the Centre Against Sexual Assault (CASA) in Victoria
and one run by SHine in South Australia.
Working with adolescents who have committed
sexual abuse: establishing a new place to stand.
Stillman, John R.
International Journal of Narrative Therapy and Community
Work no.1 2006: 32-38
To reduce the risk of reoffending among young perpetrators
of sexual abuse, alternative treatment to that used
for adult sex offenders should be utilised. This
article cautions against labelling these young offenders
as sex offenders and thus stripping them of any individual
identity. It discusses several tools, including
the use of externalising practices, which begins by
exploring the family and placing the problem apart
from the family; giving people a new place to stand,
which explores the individual's skills and practices
of living; re authoring conversations, which explores
the person as a whole, rather than concentrating on
their offence; remembering practices, which aims to
reconnect the individual with people who have had a
positive influence in their life; outsider witness
practices; and enabling people to make a statement
of position.
Ya pulingina kani = Good to see you talk.
Pugh, Roy.
Hobart, Tas: Office of
Aboriginal Affairs, Department of Premier and Cabinet, 2002,
90p
The Indigenous Family Violence project in Tasmania
included statewide consultations that assessed the
extent of Indigenous family violence. This report
contains the stories of the participants involved
in the consultation process. The stories include the
following themes: the long term effects of violence;
values, beliefs and traditions; counselling; safe
places; applying for maintenance; alcohol; family
stress; confidentiality; privacy in a small community;
elder abuse; family break up; family violence centres;
despair; police; the need for protection and a sense
of belonging; the confusion of young men; education;
places for men; interpretations of the source and
meaning of domestic violence; community strategies;
restraining orders; many women won't leave violent
men; new traditions; government recognition; child
support; sexual assault, shame, memory and survival;
justice; young men and their elders; language and
communication; access to the Family Court; anger;
spiritual and cultural belonging; self respect and
responsibility; the school curriculum; rural medical
services; youth violence.
Young
people who sexually abuse: key issues.
Boyd,
Cameron; Bromfield, Leah.
Melbourne,
Vic: Australian Centre for the Study of Sexual Assault,
Australian Institute of Family Studies, 2006, 8p (ACSSA
wrap no.3) and Online
Current research
and practice on understanding and responding to young
people who have committed acts of sexual abuse is
summarised. The
paper describes normal sexual behaviour for adolescents
and discusses
how common sexual abuse by young people is, who young
people offend against, at what age young people sexually
abuse, demographics
and characteristics of young people who sexually
abuse, whether
young offenders are victims of sexual abuse, whether
young offenders
continue abusing as adults, reactions of family,
sibling sexual abuse, supervision and monitoring
of offenders and victims, where
young offenders live after disclosure and assessment,
treatment for
victims and offenders, and the roles of police, child
protection authorities
and schools.
International publications
Attachment and sexual offending : understanding
and applying attachment theory to the treatment
of juvenile sexual offenders.
Phil Rich, Phil.
Chichester, England : John Wiley & Sons,
c2006.
Beginning with a detailed and critical
overview of attachment theory, 'Attachment and
Sexual Offending' provides an analysis of research
that links attachment theory to sexually abusive
behavior in children and adolescents. This complete
guide also extensively covers literature that relates
attachment to adult sexual offending. A comprehensive
framework for applying attachment theory to the
treatment of juvenile sexual offenders is also
included, providing steps for developing and implementing
attachment treatment.
Children and young people who sexually
abuse : new theory, research and practice developments.
Calder, Martin C.
Lyme Regis, UK : Russell House Publishing,
2005.
This book presents new material in the study of young
people who sexually abuse, in the areas of research
and theory, engaging clients, assessment, therapy
modalities, and outcomes.
Demographic
and abuse characteristics in adolescent male sexual
offenders with "special needs".
Fortune,
C.-A., & Lambie, I.
Journal
of Sexual Aggression, Volume 10, Issue 1, 2004:
63-84.
Early maladaptive schemas in
a sample of British adolescent sexual abusers:
implications for therapy.
Graeme, R.
Journal of Sexual Aggression,
Volume 11, Issue 3, 2005: 259-276.
Juvenile sex offenders compared to non-sex
offenders: A review of the literature 1995-2005
van Wijk, Anton; Vermeiren, Robert;
Loeber, Rolf;
Hart-Kerkhoffs, Lisette’t; Doreleijers, Theo;
Bullens; Ruud
Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma Vol.13,
No.1, 2006: 227-243
An unresolved but clinically important issue in the
literature on juvenile delinquency is to what extent
juvenile sex offenders resemble non-sex offenders with
respect to individual, familial, and environmental
characteristics. The current article reviewed published
studies (1995-2005) comparing sex offenders with non-sex
offenders. The 17 articles meeting the inclusion criteria
suggest that differences exist between sex offenders
and non-sex offenders on personality characteristics,
behavioral problems, history of sexual abuse, nonsexual
offending, and peer functioning.
Juvenile Sex Offenders: Toward the
Development of a Typology.
John, A. H., Figueredo,
A. J., Malamuth, N. M., & Becker,
J. V.
Sexual Abuse: A Journal
of Research and Treatment, Volume 15, Issue 1,
2003: 27-48.
Preventing sexually abused
young people from becoming abusers, and treating
the victimization experiences of young people who
offend sexually.
Bentovim, A.
Child Abuse & Neglect, Volume 26, Issues 6-7,
June 2002, Pages 661-678
Profiles of the Parents of Adolescent
CSA Perpetrators Attending a Voluntary Outpatient
Treatment Programme in Ireland.
Duane, Y., Carr, A., Cherry, J., McGrath, K., & O'Shea,
D.
Child Abuse Review,
Volume 12, Issue 1, 2003: 5-24.
Sex offenders : law, policy and practice.
Cobley, Cathy.
Bristol, UK : Jordans, 2005, xxix, 539 p. ; 25
cm.
This book examines sexual offending and the management
of sexual offenders. The complex issues inherent
in dealing with sex offenders are dealt with including
the investigation of sexual offences, trial procedures,
sentencing, control, risk assessment, protection
of the public, treatment, housing and protection
of children and adolescent offenders. The responsibilities
of local authorities, the rights of the individual
and the community, the sexual offences register,
employment restrictions and human rights questions
are all considered.
Sexual violence in the lives of youth. (2007).
(The Prevention Researcher, Vol.14, No. 2). Eugene, OR: Integrated Research Services.
Articles include: "Sexual victimization of youth" by Kevonne Small and Janine M. Zweig; "Adolescent survivors of sexual abuse: Developmental outcomes" by Victoria L. Banyard and Linda M. Williams; "Disclosing sexual victimization" by Mitru Ciarlante; and "Sexual violence prevention" by David S. Lee, Lydia Guy, Brad Perry, Chad Keoni Sniffen and Stacy Alamo Mixson.
Sexual Violence and Adolescents.
Harrisburg, PA: VAWnet, a project of the National Resource Center on Domestic Violence/Pennsylvania Coalition Against Domestic Violence.
Harner, H. (2003, April).
The paper offers a review of the current state of the science regarding sexual violence occurring in adolescent dating and acquaintance relationships and an analysis of the factors associated with sexual victimization in adolescence as well as the consequences. The limitations of current data as well as recommendations for future research, practice, policy, and advocacy is provided.
Teen Dating Violence: A Review of Risk Factors and Prevention Efforts.
Harrisburg, PA: VAWnet, a project of the National Resource Center on Domestic Violence/Pennsylvania Coalition Against Domestic Violence.
O'Keefe, M. (April 2005).
The handbook of clinical intervention with young
people who sexually abuse.
O' Reilly, Gary... [et al.] ed..
Hove, U.K. : Psychological Press, 2004.
This handbook of provides authoritative,
critical and up-to-date reviews of the growing body
of empirical and theoretical knowledge in this field
and clearly demonstrates how this knowledge can be
used to guide and develop evidence-based practice
for assessment and treatment.
Treatment of Juveniles Who Sexually
Offend: An Overview.
Efta-Breitbach, J., & Freeman,
K. A.
Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, Volume
13, Issue 3/4, 2004: 125-138.
Working with children and young people who sexually abuse : taking the field forward.
Calder, Martin C.
Lyme Regis [England] : Russell House, 2007.
Young men who have sexually abused : a
case study guide.
Durham, Andrew.
Chichester, England : John Wiley & Sons, c2006.
(Wiley series in child protection and policy.)
This guide explores the current theoretical
and practice issues involved in working therapeutically
with young men who have sexually abused. Linking theory
to practice, Andrew Durham provides detailed case studies
of young men who have committed varying acts of inappropriate
or harmful sexual behaviours, and analyses the therapeutic
interventions provided for each.